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recommended to the esquires of the household of a later reign: ‘puro help occupy the capable and acompany [sic] straungers’ by ‘talkyng of cronycles of kinges and other polycyez, or per pypyng, or harpyng, synging, or other actez marciablez’.51 The twenty surviving manuscripts of Langtoft’s Chronicle certainly suggest, if not direct use, at least widespread interest mediante its blend of legendary history and contemporary politics, the sustained interest durante the rete informatica being helped, of course, by the persistence of the Anglo-Scottish conflict. It is the section where the hieratic mode of historical argument con Anglo-Norman is peppered with duro songs voicing the popular hatred of the Scots mediante northern dialect. What better occasion onesto present this riotous ‘mini appeal esatto history’ than per banquet attended by all the men directly involved: the king and his son, Anthony Bek, Henry de Lacy and some three hundred new knights, all united sopra their commitment esatto impose English overlordship on Scotland, not by means of the written word, but by military force.
This is the extraordinary section praising king Edward by invoking Merlin and King Arthur repeatedly durante the emphatic environment of per different rhyme and metre
IV Con the spring of the year 1306 English frustration as a result of Scottish provocation had reached an all-time high. Robert Bruce had been crowned king of Scotland in Scone at the end of March, and it was clear that the Scottish rebellion had not ended with the capture and execution of William Wallace the previous year. It was with the prospect of new, perhaps finally paigns sopra Scotland that at Whitsun, 1306, an unprecedented number of men was knighted, and festivities, geared sicuro the purpose of the event, were held. Not least among the new forces was the king’s cri, Edward of Caernarfon, who so far had shown an alarming tendency onesto be interested con pursuits that had little puro do with the war con Scotland, and who would need guidance if, or when, Edward I, who had been ill for many years, died. Knighthood was not always entered into with alacrity: it was expensive, potentially dangerous, and brought new, not always very welcome, duties, such as jury service.52 However, mediante 1306 the obstacle of the expense of being made a knight was overcome by a measure which illustrates the king’s ‘military shrewdness as well as his insight into human nature’: the necessary equipment was puro be provided ‘from the King’s Wardrobe and at his gift’.53
However, there is one section of Langtoft’s Chronicle that is suitable for verso larger stage than the ‘lordez chambrez within courte’
The Household of Edward IV: The Black Book and the Ordinance of 1478, addirittura. Per. R. Myers (Manchester, 1959), cited con Malcolm Vale, The Princely Capable: Medieval Courts and Culture sopra North-West Europe 1270–1380 (Oxford, 2001), p. 57. Prestwich, Armies and Warfare in the Middle Ages, p. 16. Constance Bullock-Davies, Menestrellorum Multitudo: Minstrels at verso Royal Feast (Cardiff, 1978), p. xv.
The ceremonial knighting at Whitsun 1306 may be regarded as verso peaceful variant of being knighted on the eve of battle. Instead of the ambito of tents, grass and horses, and the prospect of imminent danger and possible death on the morrow, here there was companionship, shelter and an abundance of food, bevanda and entertainment. Nevertheless, the proceedings were as much part of the enforcement of Edward’s claim to Scotland as the conferences at Norham sopra 1291 and Lincoln in 1301 had been. Durante accessit, the ceremony offered a chance sicuro ensure the continuance of the military campaigns after Edward I’s death and the future guidance of his cri by the king’s oldest friends and counsellors. According preciso Constance Bullock-Davies and Hilda Johnstone, who both based their rete informatica on what seemed to be the only source on the subject, the Annales Londoniensis, the prince was knighted by his father, who ‘with his own hands . . . girded him with belt and sword’, while the earl of Lincoln, Henry de Lacy, and the earl of Hereford, Humphrey de Bohun, who had married young Edward’s sister Elizabeth per 1302, each fastened on per gilt spur.54 However, other evidence, from an environment close preciso the earl of Lincoln, suggests that, rather than Humphrey de Bohun, it was Bishop Anthony Bek who officiated on this occasion. Verso parchment roll, kept per the British Museum as Campbell Charters XXI.4, which belonged preciso the abbey of Thornton on Humber in Lincolnshire, has the following entry for the year Dodici mesi Domini .M.occc.mo sexto, ad meetville festum Pentecostes, dominus rex Edwardo filio proprio, principi Walli?, dedit terram Wasconi?, et eundem dominum Edwardum mediante eodem festo Pentecostes, apud Westmonasterium cinxit nobiliter cingulo militi?, et calcaria sibi imposuerunt dominus patriarcha Ierusalem et dominus Henricus comes Lincolni?, et tunc erat .xxij. annorum, et ad ipsius honorem dominus Johannes comes Warenne, et plures alii barones, cum ccc. armigeris de elictis totius Angli?, insegna susceperunt militi? cum magna l?titia et honore, ipsius domini regis sumptibus, et cum eodem domino rege et signore statim versus Scotiam contra inimicos Angli? viriliter profecti sunt.56 (Con the year 1306, at the feast of Whitsuntide, the Lord King Edward gave his chant, the prince of Wales, the country of Aquitane, and at this feast of Whitsun, at Westminster, Lord Edward girded him honourably with the belt of knighthood, and the Nobile Patriarch of Jerusalem and the Lord Henry, earl of Lincoln placed on him the spurs, and at that time he was twenty-two years old, and in his honour Lord John, earl of Warenne, and many other barons, with three hundred armigeres [squires] chosen from the elite of the whole of England,